What causes talking to yourself This is a useful trick to improve your self-esteem and boost your confidence. May 5, 2023 · Is compulsive talking just a quirky trait or a sign of a deeper issue? Learn how excessive talking may relate to personality disorders, anxiety, or other mental health conditions. Treatment for psychomotor agitation often involves a Dec 18, 2024 · Schizotypal Personality Disorder Symptoms People with schizotypal personality disorder have odd behavior, speech patterns, thoughts, and perceptions. Persistent loud talking, profanity, or violent outbursts, however, can signal REM sleep behavior disorder, sleep apnea, PTSD, or medication side-effects and should prompt a What Are Some Possible Physical Causes of Humming? When you hum, there are possible physical causes to consider. However, persistent or intrusive self-talk can sometimes be indicative Well I think you're right, when I'm not talking the intrusive thoughts are worse, but when I'm talking I'm torturing myself over the past or doubt 🤷‍♀️ I'm now sure it's a compulsion but not quite sure what to do about it lol How am I supposed to stop thinking? LOL Reply reply More replies gloriousmess0 • Reply reply CommonBelt6764 • Dec 3, 2017 · The Minute Therapist blog invites you to examine your inner self-talk and the underlying beliefs that form the foundation of your inner speech. It has also been observed that palilalia occurs in spontaneous speech, and rarely in automatic speech, such as singing or reciting Feb 10, 2020 · Parasomnia can make it hard to get quality sleep. Learn about the 10 most common symptoms of schizophrenia. Self-talk is an internal dialogue or inner voice that occurs within a person's mind. What causes sleep talking & why you are talking in your sleep. Overheat your body. It is entirely normal for Mar 10, 2025 · Self-Talk 7 Reasons to Talk to Yourself Out Loud Here's why talking to ourselves is good for us. This is because some people without mental illness speak to themselves, and sometimes people with mental illness speak to themselves. Jan 26, 2022 · Whether you're boosting your confidence or trying to remember someone's name, talking to yourself aloud is common and often not cause for alarm. Feb 24, 2020 · Combined, this talking to yourself out loud translates to improved performance; a 2017 study found even internal motivational self-talk in the second or third person reduced individuals’ anxiety over a task and boosted their peers’ perception of their performance. Can it be because you are trying to remember something, or can it be a monologue of positive self-talk. Feb 6, 2024 · The Psychology Behind Talking to Ourselves Have you ever found yourself talking to yourself out loud? It's a common behavior that many of us engage in, but have you ever wondered why we do it? In this article, we will explore the psychology behind talking to ourselves, the potential benefits, when it becomes a concern, and how to manage it for better mental health. But, there’s a rhyme and reason to why people talk to themselves — and understanding that can drizzle some cold water on this hot unease. Oct 29, 2025 · Negative self-talk can be damaging to your body, your mind, and your life, and it often goes unnoticed. Disordered thoughts. Other people often describe them as strange or Have you ever gotten into an impassioned argument in the shower with a sparring partner who wasn't actually there?How about replaying a dinner party conversation from weeks ago but Mar 10, 2024 · Pressured speech, characterized by rapid, compulsive talking, is a classic symptom of hypomanic and manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder. Key Takeaways: Self-talk is a normal behavior that aids in problem-solving and motivation. "While positive self-talk may be very beneficial, negative self-talk may be extremely damaging," Dr. Reduction of Stress: Seniors who engage in self-talk can learn how to control their emotions and stress. The Things They Say Don’t Make Sense If someone’s self-talk includes fragmented sentences, nonsensical phrasing, or frequent repetition of the same idea, it may be worth exploring with a doctor. Worried if talking to yourself is bad or feel it’s a little strange, rest easy - you’re not going crazy. In fact, I talk to myself sometimes. You may become confused, angry and violent. Sep 15, 2024 · From the annoying friend who won’t stop telling the same story to the politician rehashing talking points, repetitive speech patterns are a pervasive phenomenon that can strain even the most patient listener. The frequency and manner of self-talk can vary widely among individuals, influenced by personality, environment, and mental health. Just a warning: the monologue must respect you. May 3, 2024 · Why do some people talk in their sleep? There’s no one clear-cut answer, but experts say there are some clues about what might contribute to it. It is essential to differentiate between occasional talkativeness and pathological speech patterns that interfere with daily functioning. Learn about its causes, symptoms, treatments, and more. Nov 22, 2024 · Schizophrenia is a challenging condition characterized by a broad range of symptoms. Firstly, it's important to May 4, 2023 · I talk to myself - a lot! And that’s because I’m an introvert. More severe mental illnesses associated with self-talk include schizophrenia and psychosis. Jul 20, 2025 · If you talk to yourself and worry if it's normal, you can relax knowing it is healthy, beneficial, and common. We’ve all been there, caught in the verbal quicksand of someone who seems to be stuck on repeat. But what causes this behavior? In this article, we’ll explore the common causes, the link to mental illness, and the available treatment options. Aug 25, 2025 · Why Do I Talk to Myself so Often? Talking to oneself is a natural part of the human experience. However, there are certain situations when self-talk could point to larger concerns. You’ll also discover what types of responses are appropriate when your loved one with Alzheimer’s disease or another form of dementia is talking a lot. It may also increase the risk of accidents and health problems due to lack of rest. As cognitive decline progresses, self-talk often becomes more frequent. Read on to learn why do people talk to themselves during schizophrenia. If you see a man talking to himself on the street, that means he's crazy, right? Well not necessarily. Insights from Therapy Trainings. But it can also signal a mental health condition. It can be a sign of an anxiety disorder, depression, PTSD, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Jul 9, 2025 · Sleep talking happens when parts of the brain that control speech stay active while the regions keeping you asleep are still in charge. Persistent loud talking, profanity, or violent outbursts, however, can signal REM sleep behavior disorder, sleep apnea, PTSD, or medication side-effects and should prompt a Because your brain uses feedback loops to form speech. Feb 16, 2025 · While talking to yourself isn’t inherently a sign of mental illness, certain patterns of self-talk can be associated with mental health conditions. Most Oct 18, 2024 · Explore whether excessive talking is a sign of mental illness and gain insights into its causes and effects. Psychologist Dr Jul 29, 2024 · Understanding the underlying causes of repetitive behaviors is crucial for developing effective management strategies. Sep 15, 2024 · Explore the psychological factors behind rapid speech, from anxiety to personality traits. Many adults with ADHD find themselves engaging in self-talk as a way to externalize their thoughts and better process information. Takedown request | View complete answer on verywellhealth. Learn what causes it, how it can help, and when you should worry. May 8, 2021 · Muttering and self-talk are often one of the few primary symptoms of psychological disorders and not a disorder itself. Feb 14, 2025 · Discover why do people talk to themselves, the benefits and risks of self-talk, and when it may signal a mental health issue. Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. There are various reasons why someone talks to themselves. It has also been observed that palilalia occurs in spontaneous speech, and rarely in automatic speech, such as singing or reciting Sep 9, 2024 · Schizophrenia is a serious mental health condition. Apr 25, 2024 · While talking to yourself is normal in most instances, it can also be a sign of a mental health condition if the self-talk becomes extreme. Some people feel that self-talk creates a 4 days ago · Do you ever talk to yourself? It's perfectly normal and can have a number of benefits. “Talking to yourself” is an item on the DES, so it’s considered dissociative to some degree, but it is spectrum and contextual. You must be wondering, “ What is it called when you talk to yourself? ” The process of talking to oneself is called self-talk. I have been around so many people who talk to themselves. Professional intervention is a must to help nip the problem at the bud. Learn about when it's considered normal and when it may be linked to an emotional or medical issue. While it's often normal, excessive or distressing instances might indicate underlying mental health concerns. But with the right treatment and self-help, you can manage the disorder and lead a fulfilling life. Hyperfocus, another hallmark of ADHD, can also contribute to excessive talking. It may help people find mislaid items and understand May 3, 2017 · Being caught talking to yourself, especially if using your own name in the conversation, is beyond embarrassing. Another study found instructional self-talking out loud helped basketball players pass and shoot more accurately. Hearing yourself directly adjusts your speech. Mar 12, 2024 · Learn about the causes and management of non-stop talking in dementia patients. May 19, 2025 · Keep reading to learn about the link between excessive talking and dementia. This is pressured speech. Aug 1, 2025 · Mental health conditions like anxiety disorders and depression can lead to isolation. Jan 31, 2025 · The Science Behind Self-Talk Dementia causes changes in the brain that affect how people process information and communicate. Decreased appetite and weight loss: Stimulants are appetite suppressants, which can lead to rapid weight loss. Sep 26, 2022 · Down on yourself again? If you catch yourself thinking more and more bad thoughts about yourself, there are ways to stop this harmful habit in its tracks. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Does schizophrenia cause you to talk to yourself? Some people with schizophrenia appear to talk to themselves as they respond to the voices. I give opinions and laugh at my own jokes. So did anyone grow up talking to themselves as their primary coping mechanism, to the point where they thought that's "who they were"? I consider this my defining "weird" symptom that I have always had since I was a kid, and only recently between therapy and medication have a realized that it's a technique I developed to dissociate from my What mental illness causes talking to yourself? Self-talk can be a symptom of a number of mental illnesses. Excessive or strange self-talk is a symptom of psychiatric conditions, schizophrenia, disorders related to anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD, or depression. I’m only concerned here with those instances where what they say over and over can Logorrhea (psychology) In psychology, logorrhea or logorrhoea (from Ancient Greek λόγος logos "word" and ῥέω rheo "to flow") is a communication disorder that causes excessive wordiness and repetitiveness, which can cause incoherency. And yet Mar 28, 2024 · Engaging in self-talk, or the act of speaking aloud to oneself, is a common phenomenon experienced by people of all ages and backgrounds. In fact, talking to yourself not only helps you combat loneliness, but also makes you more intelligent because it allows you clarify your thoughts helping you make sense of your ideas and allows you confirm your decisions. That's also why you can't talk when you're deaf (except with massive training). Identifying various types of negative thinking, such as all-or-nothing thinking and overgeneralization, allows you to understand their effects on your mental state. When your self-talk is positive, it helps process thoughts, regulate emotions, motivate actions, and boost May 30, 2024 · Elevated mood and excessive talking: An immediate and noticeable increase in talkativeness and mood can be a red flag. While some level of self-talk is normal at any age, persistently talking out loud to oneself can be cause for concern. Symptoms include hearing, seeing, smelling or tasting things that are not real (hallucinations). Sometimes, however, it can be a sign of mental illness. Start by choosing a name you would want to call yourself – like ‘darling’ or ‘love’. Sep 12, 2023 · Keep reading to find out! Talking in Your Sleep AKA Somniloquy Somniloquy is a common parasomnia disorder (a condition that causes an individual to exhibit abnormal behaviors while they’re sleeping, another example being sleepwalking) simply characterized by talking in your sleep. Information about suicide risk factors, warning signs, treatments, therapies, how to find help for yourself or others, and research about suicide prevention. It typically develops over time. Learn about its causes and treatment. Feb 17, 2022 · Do you often find yourself talking to yourself as if someone is there with you? Talking to oneself is very, very common. Apr 18, 2023 · Do you talk to yourself? Is it because of bipolar disorder? This article explores talking to yourself if you have bipolar and the possible relationship. Neurological issues and respiratory problems can both contribute to humming. Dec 18, 2024 · Schizotypal Personality Disorder Symptoms People with schizotypal personality disorder have odd behavior, speech patterns, thoughts, and perceptions. Nov 18, 2023 · It also addresses when self-talk may be a cause for concern. Some examples of what may cause self-loathing may include: An underlying mental health condition, like depression or anxiety, among others Adverse childhood experiences or traumatic life events Wanting to fit in or comparing yourself to others (societal expectations Oct 18, 2025 · Sleep talking can involve mumbling, shouting, or having conversations during sleep. Exposure to cigarette smoke, chemical fumes, allergies, chronic sinusitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can also cause throat inflammation and irritation leading to chronic laryngitis, meaning the I'm an introvert, and noticed that I can spend a lot of time just chatting to myself, not necessarily out loud, but it's more like engaging in conversations and discussions. May 12, 2025 · What causes self-loathing? There are a lot of factors that may contribute to self-loathing. Dec 29, 2023 · Psychomotor agitation is a type of physical disturbance that causes a person to experience excessive or involuntary physical activity or restlessness. It is often associated with mental health conditions that include anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, and ADHD. Jan 6, 2025 · Palilalia is a rare speech disorder in which the speaker involuntarily repeats words, phrases, or sentences they have just spoken, often several times. Jun 12, 2025 · Sleep talking is a parasomnia that causes people to speak while asleep. May 7, 2023 · Sometimes talking to yourself can be a sign of mental illness. What Qualifies as Nonstop Talking? Nonstop talking may look different depending on the person and their stage of cognitive decline. Kain says. Jun 24, 2025 · Excessive talking can simply be socially uncomfortable, but it may be a symptom of an underlying health condition. People with schizophrenia believe that the hallucinations are real. It can be caused by various factors, including psychological conditions, stress, trauma, and neurological factors. All of this is bearing in mind that self-talk can indeed be concerning if it is compulsively frequent and a manifestation of hallucination. So did anyone grow up talking to themselves as their primary coping mechanism, to the point where they thought that's "who they were"? I consider this my defining "weird" symptom that I have always had since I was a kid, and only recently between therapy and medication have a realized that it's a technique I developed to dissociate from my Jun 27, 2022 · Self-talk is a common behavior among people of all ages. Plus, when talking to yourself can be bad and how to stop. 1. Dementia is a progressive condition that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. Learn the causes of excessive talking in mental illnesses like mania, ADHD, and personality disorders. Jan 22, 2024 · Researchers say that the act of talking to yourself — self-talk or self-directed talk — is a common and normal behavior at any age. Here are some of the common types and how they're treated. Apr 27, 2021 · Most people talk to themselves regularly. Talking to oneself or maybe planning your move for your future success and security is a sign of a rational person who is analytical and understands the impact of consequences. Sleep talking is typically harmless, but can also be a sign of serious health problems. Muttering and speaking random sentences out loud could be a sign of Is talking to yourself a sign of mental illness? How can you find out? Visit Banyan Treatment Centers Pompano here to learn more about self-talk and psychosis. Just focus on keeping your self-talk positive to get the maximum benefit. Understanding excessive talking can help you gain insight Feb 16, 2025 · Explore the connection between mental illness and repetitive phrases, including common disorders, causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. But, it is also a coping mechanism, a Apr 17, 2024 · A person with bipolar disorder may speak rapidly and erratically during a manic episode. Updated March 10, 2025 | Reviewed by Davia Sills Aug 27, 2021 · Why do people talk to themselves? An expert discusses why it's not a bad thing and why self-talk can benefit you, if you know how to use it to better yourself. Do you ever talk to yourself out loud or in your head? Do you wonder why you do it and what it means? Do you worry that it might be a sign of a mental disord Aug 11, 2024 · Understanding Self-Talk in Autism: Causes, Benefits, and Support Strategies and Is Talking to Yourself a Sign of Autism? Understanding Self-Talk and Neurodiversity offer additional perspectives on related aspects of autistic communication that can further enhance our understanding of this complex topic. Other people often describe them as strange or Mar 10, 2024 · Pressured speech, characterized by rapid, compulsive talking, is a classic symptom of hypomanic and manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder. This may happen when thinking through ideas, when debating decisions, or when in need of a pep talk. People repeat what they say for a number of reasons in a variety of contexts. Nov 19, 2024 · Key Takeaways Negative self-talk can severely affect your mental health and outlook on life. Alcohol use, stress, and PTSD often trigger this common parasomnia. It is a progressive disease, meaning it worsens over time, and there is currently no cure. What happens if you talk to yourself too much? Sometimes you might find yourself engaging in self-talk centered on rumination, or continuously talking about the same sad, negative, dark thoughts. If you interrupt real people to listen to your imagined voice first then you might have a problem, but if your just talking to yourself whilst alone then it's completely Dec 29, 2024 · Before we dive into the reasons behind talking to oneself in Alzheimer’s patients, let’s first understand what this disease is. Individuals with personality disorders, however, may not even realize that their behaviors are a problem. Below, we delve into the mental illnesses most commonly associated with this symptom. Sep 3, 2024 · Wondering why you talk to yourself? Explore the meaning of self-talk and if it's normal (hint: yes). Mar 11, 2025 · Talking to oneself is a common behaviour that can be both positive and negative for mental health. Can Humming Be a Symptom of a Non-Mental Health Condition? Jun 25, 2022 · You’re crazy if you keep blabbering to yourself. Self-talk disorder is a psychological condition characterized by excessive and persistent talking to oneself. com Aug 4, 2025 · Yes, talking to yourself can improve mental clarity by helping the brain organize thoughts, reinforce memory, guide behavior, and regulate emotions – especially when speech is deliberate and purposeful. 19 hours ago · Non-infectious causes include vocal overuse or misuse, which can occur because of excess shouting, prolonged talking or singing. Jan 17, 2024 · Talking to yourself is only concerning if that self-talk is negative. Have you ever found yourself mumbling to yourself in the kitchen, having an imaginary conversation in the shower, or cheering yourself on out loud when faced with a challenge? Rest assured, you Apr 14, 2019 · Explore the role of self-dialogue in the elderly, distinguishing between healthy self-talk and signs of cognitive issues like dementia. Learn strategies to manage fast talking and improve communication. Jun 2, 2024 · Depression Trap #2: Rumination A major part of depression is rumination, which involves dwelling on and brooding about themes like loss and failure that cause you to feel worse about yourself. This could suggest Nov 19, 2024 · Many people talk out loud to themselves, which is commonly called external self-talk or private speech. Cause you to talk non-stop. In fact, studies show that 15% of the population experiences excessive talking, a symptom often associated with mental illness. Learn how self-communication can aid in coping and maintaining connections, and when it might signal the need for professional help. Nov 5, 2012 · Train yourself to say positive words Talking out loud to yourself is common and can be beneficial. Positive self-talk can enhance performance, while negative self-talk should be managed for healthy self-esteem. This behavior may be linked to mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, or paranoia. Talking alone makes sure that the brain works more efficiently Psychologists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have What do you think—is talking to yourself normal? You might be surprised to learn that more people do it than you realize! So, is not normal or not? Jan 5, 2024 · A: Talking to yourself is not a sign of mental illness in most cases. Aug 4, 2024 · ADHD and talking to yourself is a related phenomenon that highlights this struggle with internal dialogue. . Understanding these patterns can lead to more positive thoughts and positive Mar 21, 2020 · When you’re thinking—when you’re literally talking to yourself—who is the listener? And what—or who—is talking back? One symptom that may be cause for concern is excessive talking. The suggestions and techniques described here are Oct 23, 2021 · Talking to Yourself When You Are High? Does Cannabis Cause More Internal Conversations in the Mind? How does marijuana influence 'self talk Posted by: Reginald Reefer on Saturday Oct 23, 2021 Feb 16, 2025 · Positive and negative self-talk: Talking to yourself in a positive way may involve delivering self-affirmations or statements designed to help you stay motivated and inspired. Jul 7, 2025 · Have you ever walked by someone and heard them talking to themselves? Have you ever noticed self-talk more in children, especially those diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder? Why do autistic people talk to themselves more than others, or at least seem to do so? There are many factors influencing self-talk, whether someone is on the autism spectrum or neurotypical. Talking to oneself can help gain perspective and process thoughts in a productive Jan 30, 2025 · Explore the potential mental health conditions that causes excessive talking and gain valuable insights into this intriguing behavior. Read More:Schizophrenia vs Multiple personality dis Talking to yourself isn’t just normal; it’s extremely common and often beneficial. Mar 25, 2025 · It’s important to note that, in most cases, talking to oneself isn’t cause for alarm. Mar 28, 2025 · If talking to yourself starts to feel like your main source of companionship, or if you're talking to yourself more than other individuals, it might be time to reach out to a friend, a family member, or even a therapist, he says. Understanding the Jul 29, 2024 · Conclusion The connection between OCD and talking to yourself is complex and multifaceted. But what drives this behavior? Is it simply a lack of social awareness, or are there Nov 11, 2023 · Excessive and constant talking to oneself is a warning sign of potential emotional distress among elderly individuals. The main causes of repetitive behaviors include anxiety and stress, perfectionism, low self-esteem, and neurological factors such as brain chemistry imbalances and genetic predispositions. May 10, 2023 · There are some cases where talking to yourself can be a sign of a mental health condition. Oct 18, 2025 · Sleep talking can involve mumbling, shouting, or having conversations during sleep. Jun 19, 2025 · Talking to yourself can stem from various causes, like self-reflection or stress relief. It’s completely normal and even has many benefits Even if they’re only talking to themselves, it can help them feel less alone and more bonded. This behavior is more prevalent in introverts because they are introspective and enjoy spending time alone. Common reasons for self-talk include: Memory maintenance Emotional regulation Response to hallucinations or delusions Processing daily activities Coping with disorientation Types of Self-Talk in Turns out, talking to yourself is a normal and healthy way of working through life's issues. We asked experts about the benefits. (It’s no fun to be with someone who can’t stop talking!) Lead you to feel paranoid—like you can’t trust the people around you, including your friends. Let’s look at some of Dec 15, 2017 · Most of us know if we're feeling anxious or depressed. Understanding these patterns can lead to more positive thoughts and positive Explore the relationship between ADHD and talking to oneself, including causes, symptoms, and strategies for managing self-talk. They may find solace or understanding in a situation by talking things through, which can improve their ability to manage their emotions. ? Somehow, many of Jun 27, 2022 · Self-talk is a common behavior among people of all ages. When you fuck with that process by delaying it, it derails it. Here’s how to manage it. Lots of people talk to themselves in the situations you said you do it, explaining something to yourself as though you were explaining to someone else is a great way of checking your own understanding, nothing wrong with it. Jan 16, 2025 · Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Symptoms, Signs, Causes, and Coping Tips Recognizing the signs of schizophrenia in yourself or a loved one can be frightening. This can include fidgeting, pacing, tapping, leg shaking, or hand wringing. The first step to change is to recognize its presence. Learn about the effects and how to stop negative self-talk. You might see your loved one Aug 4, 2024 · Explore the connection between ADHD and self-talk, its benefits, challenges, and strategies for effective self-communication in adults. Takedown request | View complete Dec 4, 2018 · Have you ever wondered why people keep repeating the same thing in conversations over and over? If you’re anything like me, you can’t ignore the content of conversations because you know that language can be a window to the mind. Jan 8, 2025 · The causes of excessive talking can range from neurological factors to psychological disorders. So encourage the positive side of it. The Link Between Excessive Talking and Dementia While excessive talking alone is not a definitive sign of dementia, it can be a red flag when combined with other symptoms. The individual’s speech typically decreases in audibility and often accelerates in speed with each iteration. The good news is that we have the power to shape our self-talk. Most episodes are short, harmless, and linked to stress, fever, alcohol, or genetics. While negative self-talk can exacerbate OCD symptoms, positive affirmations and mantras offer powerful tools for managing the disorder and promoting mental well-being. Learn what causes social withdrawal and its effects on your health. I have talked to myself a lot my entire life. The key is to be aware of your self-talk patterns and how they impact your life. Your son might appear unusually excited or cheerful, often without an obvious reason. While talking to oneself may seem peculiar to some, it is a natural aspect of human behavior that serves various functions, including self-regulation, problem-solving, and self-soothing. This blog examines mental health conditions that can lead to excessive talking, such as bipolar disorder, ADHD, anxiety, and more, plus treatments for excessive talking. Thoughts may become jumbled or blocked. Talking to yourself in a negative way often centers on statements that are self-critical or blaming. This type of self-talk may be a sign of a mental health condition such as depression. Jun 10, 2025 · Why do we talk to ourselves, and what does it reveal about our intelligence? Discover how self-talk shapes thought, focus, emotional control, and memory—and how it connects to brain function and cognitive support strategies. Do you find yourself talking excessively? You’re not alone. Self-talk can also be a concern if it occurs as a result of hallucinations. It can occur in different contexts—from planning your day, motivating yourself during workouts, to processing emotions or solving problems. Dec 4, 2024 · Key Takeaways While self-talk is a normal behavior for many people and can be beneficial in various ways, excessive or disruptive self-talk could sometimes be associated with mental health conditions. This is especially a risk if you are very active when you are on the drug. And it’s no wonder – it makes you look like you are hallucinating. It's important to explore these factors before jumping to conclusions about mental illness. May 22, 2021 · Before we dive into the negative aspects of mumbling, let us first take a look at positive self-talk.